NABTEB Agric Science Syllabus For 2022

1. a)  Definition and branches of agricultural science
2. b)  Importance of agriculture to the individual, community and nation.

ii. Basic amenities iii. Finance
iv. Transportation

v. Storage and processing facilities

vi. Agricultural education and extension
vii. Tools and machinery

viii. Farm inputs Marketing

1. a)  Meaning of subsistence and commercial agriculture
2. b)  Difference between subsistence and commercial agriculture based on their characteristics
3. c)  Advantages and disadvantages of subsistence and commercial agriculture
4. d)  Problems of subsistence and commercial agriculture

1. a)  Agricultural finance:

(i) Credit

(ii) Subsidy

1. b)  Agricultural education
2. c)  Agricultural extension

services

1. d)  Agricultural policies and

programmes

1. a)  Meaning of non- governmental organization (NGOs)
2. b)  Roles of NGOs in agricultural Association

1. a)  Land tenure system in west Africa
2. b)  Government laws on land use in

(Decree). Land reforms West Africa.

1. c)  Advantages and disadvantages of land

(Decree) and reforms in West Africa.

1. a)  Meaning of agricultural ecology and ecosystem.
2. b)  Components of farm ecosystem e.g. biotic and abiotic.
3. c)  Interactions of the components in interaction of farm the terrestrial and aquatic agro-crops/animals with ecosystem, other components of the ecosystem in farm settling such as mono or sole cropping system, mixed cropping system, mixed farming system, fish ponds and forest (rain or savannah)

1. a)  Meaning of land
2. b)  Characteristics of land

1. a)  Meaning of land
2. b)  Characteristics of land free gift of

nature, immobile, limited supply etc.

i. Agricultural purposes:- crop

production;

• –  Wild life conservation/game, reserve;-

livestock production etc.

ii. Non-agricultural purposes:

• –  Industry
• –  Housing
• –  Transport etc

Non-agricultural uses of land such as Health Centres, Mosques, Mining, Recreational schools and Markets would be assessed

ž¢ Identify factors affecting land availability for agricultural purpose

• –  Soil type
• –  Topography
• –  Land degradation
• –  Soil pollution

b) Economic factors

• –  Pressure
• –  Of industries
• –  Mining/mineral exploitation
• –  Recreation/tourism

c) Socio-cultural factors

• –  Land tenure system
• –  Religious purpose (church, mosque and

shrine) etc

–

b)

Agro-based industries and raw materials, pulp wood;

Beverage industry ”“ cocoa

soap industry-oil Relationship between agriculture and industries. Agriculture provides market for industrial products e.g. Farm machinery, chemicals, ship

Assessment includes other between agriculture industrial workers.

1. a)  Climatic factors e.g. rainfall, temperature, light, wind, relative humidity.
2. b)  Biotic factors e.g. predators, parasites, soil micro- organisms, pests, pathogens and weeds, interrelationship such as competition, parasitism, mutualism (symbiosis).
3. c)  Edaphic factors: soil pH, soil texture, soil structure, soil type etc.

1.1 student should be able to

1.     Define rock

2.     Identify types of rocks

i. Igneous
ii. Sedimentary iii. Metamorphic

2.     Process of rock formation

1.     Define soil

2.     List factors of soil formation

b)

i. ii.

c)

Factors of soil formation, the parent rock, organisms, climate, topography factor in soil formation andtime. Processes ofsoil formation;

Physical weathering Chemical weathering

Soil profile development

1.     Students should be able to recognize the different type of soil

2.     Define soil pH

3.   Determine pH of different soil

types

4.     State ways of correcting soil

acidity

1. a)  Types of soil
2. b)  Chemical and biological

composition ofsoil

i.         Soil macro and micro nutrients, fractions,

water holding

ii.         Soil water; capacity,

porosity

iii.         Soil macro-organisms;

capillarity, consistency

iv.         Soilmicrobes,etc

v.         Soil air

1. c)  Soil pH
2. d)  Physical properties of soil;

i. Soil texture ii. Soil structure

Determination of soil causes and correction of soil acidity/alkalinity would be assessed.

1.     Students should be able to distinguish between macro and micro nutrients

2.     List the macro nutrients

3.     State the functions of

each macro nutrient

4.     State their deficiency

symptoms

1. a)  Macro and micro nutrients; macro-nutrients suchtheirfunctionsanddeficiencyasN,P, H, Ca, S and symptoms in crops. Micro- nutrients such as&&
2. b)  Factors affecting availability of Zn, Fe, Mo, Co, Bo, Cu nutrients in soil such as pH, excess of other nutrients, leaching crop removal, oxidation and burning.
3. c)  Methods of replenishing last types of fertilizers and nutrients, e.g. crop rotation, methods of fertilizer organic manuring, fertilizer application, application would be fallowing, liming, cover-cropping assessed.
4. d)  Nitrogen, carbon, water and phosphorus cycles.
5. e)  Organic agriculture meaning and importance include the description and importance of nitrogen, carbon and water cycles

1.     Define irrigation

2.     Describe underground

irrigation

iii. c)

d) e)

Meaning of irrigation system Types of irrigation system

Overhead e.g. sprinkler
Surface e.g. flooding, furrow/channel, basin, border,
Underground e.g. perforated pipes, dripes.

Advantages and disadvantages of irrigation system
Importance of irrigation
Problems associated with irrigation

1. Students should be able to

1. a)  Define drainage
2. b)  State importanceof

drainage

a)
b)
c)
i.
ii.
d) Advantages and disadvantages of drainage

Surface drainage e.g. channel, furrow Surbsurface/underground drainage

system.

1. Student should be able to

1.     Define pollution

2.     State the causes of

agricultural land pollution

i.

Meaning of agricultural pollution Causes/sources of pollution of agricultural lands and fishponds;

Excessive application of agricultural chemicals
Marine and soilspillage

ii.
iii. Livestockwasteanddrugdisposaletc.

c) Effects of land/pond pollution. Ways of minimizing land, on farmers and agricultural pond pollution.

1. Describesimplefarmtools

1. a)  Meaning of simple farm tools.
2. b)  Types of simple farm tools-cutlass, hoe, spade,

shovel etc.

1. c)  General maintenance of simple farm tools

1.     Identify types of farm machinery

2.     State the uses of farm machine

i. Tractor
ii. Bulldozer
iii. Shellers
iv. Dryers
v. Incubators
vi. Milking machines vii.Combine harvester etc viii. Sprayers etc

1.     Explain the meaning of tractor/coupled

2.     List the parts and functions of a plough, harrow and ridgers

Reasons for maintaining farm Maintenance of farm machinery

Check water and oil levels regularly

1. List the disadvantages of agricultural mechanization

1. a)  Meaning of agricultural mechanization
2. b)  Mechanized agriculturaloperations
3. c)  Advantages and disadvantages of

agricultural mechanization

1. d)  Limitations of agricultural mechanization

1.     Define farmpower

2.     Explain and state the advantages of human

power

1. a)  Sources of farm power
2. b)  Advantages and disadvantages of

different sources of farm power

1.     Define farmsurveying

2.     Survey equipment

ii. iii.

iv.

Principles of farmstead planning Meaning of farmstead Importance of farmstead planning Factors to be considered in the design of a farmstead

Farmstead layout

1. a)  Classification of crops based on their uses e.g. cereals, pulses, roots, tubers, vegetablesetc.
2. b)  Classification based on their life cycle crop listed is presumed. E.g. annual, biannual, perennial.
3. c)  Classification based on their morphology e.g. monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous crop.

1. Student should be able to describe the production of the selected crops e.g. cereal, groundnut etc, under the following headings

Origin
Local and common name Varieties/types Climates/soil requirements

1. a)  Cereals e.g. maize, rice, guinea corn, millet
2. b)  Pulses (grain legumes) e.g. cowpea, soya bean, pigeon pea
3. c)  Roots and tubers e.g. cassava, yam, potatoes
4. d)  Vegetables e.g. tomatoes, onion, amaranthus, okro, cauliflower, spinach
5. e)  Fruits e.g. citrus, banana, pineapple
6. f)  Beverages e.g. cocoa, tea, coffee
7. g)  Spices e.g. pepper, ginger
8. h)  Oils e.g. groundnut, sheabutter,

sunflower, oil palm

1. i)  Fibres e.g. cotton, jute, sisal hemp
2. j)  Latex e.g. rubber
3. k)  Others sugar cane etc.

1.     Explain the meaning of pasture and foragecrops

2.     State uses of forage crops

3.     List types of pasture and

characteristics of each type

4.     Identify the main pasture

1. a)  Meaning of pasture and forage crops.
2. b)  Uses of forage crops
3. c)  Types of pasture
4. d)  Common grasses and legumes of

common grasses used for grazing

livestock.

1. e)  Factors affecting the distribution

grazing livestock and productivity

of pasture

1. f)  Establishment ofpasture
2. g)  Management practices of pasture

1. Student should be able to;
i. Enumerate the aims of crop

improvement
ii. Explainthemethodsofcrop

improvement
iii. Statethemendelslaw

1. a)  Aims of crop improvement
2. b)  Methods/processes of crop improvement e.g. introduction, selection, breeding.
3. c)  Mendels lawsof inheritance
4. d)  Advantages and disadvantages of crop improvement

Students should be able to; 1.1 Definethemeaningifforest

and forestry
1.2 Statetheimportanceofthe

forest and forestry
1.3 Stateforestregulationsin

Nigeria
1.4 State and discuss forest

management practices in Nigeria

1. a)  Meaning of forest and forestry
2. b)  Importance offorestry
3. c)  Forest regulations
4. d)  Forest management

practices

1. e)  Implications of

deforestation

Ago-forestry practices in West

Africa a)

b) i. ii.

iii.

Meaning ofagro- forestry
Agro-forestry practices

Taungya syatem Alley cropping Ley farmingetc.

1. a)  Meaning of ornamental plants
2. b)  Importance of ornamental plants

1.1 Mentionornamentalplants uses for different purpose 1.2 Identify ornamental plants

belonging to each category

Types of ornamental plants according to their uses

Bedding (Mostly flowering frication plants)

ii. Hedgingplants

iii. Lawn grassesetc b) The common and

botanical names

• –  Avenues
• –  In front of building etc.

1.1 Mention methods of propagating

ii.         Vegetative propagation

1.2 Discussimportanceofeach method

1.3 Give examples of ornamental plants propagated through each method

ornamental plants
1.2 Discussreasonsforcarryingout

each operations
1.3 Carryouttheoperationsinany

established ornamental site.

• –  Watering
• –  Mulching
• –  Pruning, etc.

1. 1.1  Statethemeaningofdisease
2. 1.2  Listtheeffectsofdiseaseon

crop production

1. 1.3  Nametheimportantdiseases

of major crops

1. 1.4  Statethecausalorganismof

each disease

1. 1.5  Statethepreventiveand

control measures

1. a)  Meaning ofdisease
2. b)  General effects of disease on

crop production

1. c)  Disease: causal organism

economic, prevention Importance, mode of transmission, symptoms, and control.

i. Cerealsmut,riceblast,leaf rust etc

ii. Legumes cerospora leaf spot, rosette etc

iii.         Beverages- cocoa black pod, swollen shoot, coffee leaf rust etc

iv.         Tubers in cassava mosaic, bacterial, leaf blight etc

v.         Fruits citrus gummosis, dieback

vi.         Fibre black arm/bacteria blight of cottonetc

vii.         Vegetablesrootknotof tomato and damping off, Onion twister etc

viii. Storedproducemouldetc

1. 1.1  Classifypestsintoinsectsand non-insects pests
2. 1.2  Classifyinsectspestsbasedon their mode of mouth part
3. 1.3  Discusstheimportantinsect pests of major crops
4. 1.4  Recognize and name the important storage insect pests of farm produce

1. a)  Meaning of pests
2. b)  Classification ofpests

i. Insect pests

ii. Non-insect pests

1. c)  Classification of insect-pest based on mouth parts with

examples;
i. Biting andchewing ii. Piercing andsucking iii. Boring

1. d)  Important of insect-pests of

ii.         Legumes pod borer, aphids, sucking bugs and leaf beetle

iii.         Beverages cocoa myrids (capsids)

iv.         Tubers yam beetle, cassavamealy

bugs, green spider mites,

variegated grasshopper

v.         Fibre cotton stained, bull worms

vi.         Fruits and vegetable trips

Leaf beetle, scale insect,

grasshopper, leafroller,

vii.         Storedproducegrainweevils,bean

beetle

5.         e)  Non insect pest e.g. birds,

rodents etc

6.         f)  Side effects of preventive and

control methods
i. Chemical pollution,poisoning ii. Biological
iii. Cultural harmful effectsof

burning etc

7.         g)  General effects/economic

importance ofpests.

weeds

1. a)  Meaning of weeds
2. b)  Types of weeds
3. c)  Effects of weeds on crops and

economy

1. d)  Characteristics features of

weeds

1. e)  Methods of controlling weeds;

cultural, biological, chemical, physical and mechanical methods

1. a)  Types of farm animals: cattle, sheep, goat, poultry, pig, rabbit, fish etc
2. b)  Classification of farm animals according to:

i.         Habitat, terrestrial and aquatic

ii.         Uses, food, protection, pet etc

1.1 Drawandlabelpartsofafarm

1. a)  Parts of farm animals
2. b)  Organs of farm animals e.g.

heart, liver, lungs

Student should be able to;
1.1 Explaintheroleofsexhormonesin

reproduction
1.2 Describeprocessofeggformation 1.3 Explaintheprocessofreproductionin

mammals and poultry
1.4 Drawandlabelsthepartsofthemale

and female reproductive systems.

1. a)  Meaning ofreproduction
2. b)  Roles of hormones in reproduction of farm

animals

1. c)  Reproductive systems of

farm animals

1. d)  Process of reproduction in

farm animals

1. e)  Egg formation in poultry

Assessment would include extensive, intensive and semi-intensive system of management and record keeping in livestock management.

Students should be able to;
1.1 Explainthemeaningofenvironmental

physiology
1.2 Statetheeffectsofclimatechanges

1. a)  Meaning of environmental physiology
2. b)  Effects o changes in climatic factors suchas

i. Temperature
ii. Relativehumidity iii. Light on; growth,

reproduction, milk production, egg production etc.

Student should be able to;
1.1 Statethemeaningoflivestock

management
1.2 Statetherequirementforgoodlivestock

management
1.3 Explain the importance of these

management practices to livestock

1. a)  Meaning of livestock management
2. b)  Requirements for livestock management; housing, feeding, hygiene and finishing of at least one ruminant and one non- ruminant from birth to market weight
3. c)  Importance of management practices

Assessment would include the types of diet for the various classes of animals, their characteristics and supplementary feeding

1. 1.3  Statethedifferenttypesofrations/diet

and their uses

1. 1.4  State causes and symptoms of

malnutrition and their corrections in farm animals

1. a)  Meaning of animal nutrition
2. b)  Classification of feeds
3. c)  Sources and functions

of feednutrients

1. d)  Types of ration/diet and their uses;

components of a balanced diet, production and maintenance rations.

1. e)  Causes and symptoms of malnutrition and their correction in farm animals

Assessment would also include differences and similarities between breeds (local, exotic and cross/hybrid) and performance of animals.

Students should be able to; 1.1 Statethemeaningof

range land

1. 1.2  List the importanceof

range land

1. 1.3  Statethecharacteristics

of range land

1. 1.4  Mentionsomecommon

grasses of livestock range

land

1. 1.5  Statefactorsaffectingthe

level of production of herbage

1. a)  Meaning and importance of rangeland/pasture to livestock and the characteristics of range land.
2. b)  Common grasses and legumes in range land
3. c)  Factors affecting the level of production of herbage, rainfall, grass/legume composition, grazing etc.
4. d)  Methods of range land and pasture improvement: controlled stocking, rotational grazing, use of fertilizers, introduction of legumes, reseeding, weed control, burning, pest and disease control.

Students should be able to; 1.1 explainthemeaningof

animal improvement 1.2 Statetheaimsofanimal

improvement
1.3 Describethevarious methods of animal

improvement
1.4 Statetheeffectsofeach

method and process on animal improvement.

1. a)  Meaning of animalimprovement
2. b)  Aims of animal improvement
3. c)  Methods of animal improvement

i. Introduction ii. Selection iii. Breeding

1. d)  Artificial insemination
   i. Meaningofartificialinsemination ii. Methods of collecting semen

iii. Advantages and disadvantages of

artificial insemination

Students should be able to; 1.1 Definediseases
1.2 State the causal

organisms of animal

diseases
1.3 Identifysomeectoand

endo-parasites of

livestock
1.4 Name some important

diseases of livestock and their causal organism

1. a)  Meaning of disease
2. b)  Causal organisms: viruses, bacteria,

fungi and protozoa

1. c)  Factors that could predispose

animals to diseases: health status of

animals, nutrition, management etc

1. d)  Reaction of animal to diseases: susceptibility and resistance to

diseases

1. e)  Causal organism, symptoms, mode of

transmission, effects, prevention and control of the following selected livestock diseases:

i.         Viral foot and mouth, rinderpest,

Newcastle

ii.         Bacterial anthrax, brucellosis,

tuberculosis

iii.         Fungal-aspergilosis, ring worm,

scabies

iv. Protozoa-trypanomiasis,

coccidiosis

1. f)  Parasites

i. Meaning of parasite
ii. Types ofparasites
iii. Mode of transmission, life

cycle, economic importance and control of the following selected livestock parasites liverfluke and roundworm, ectoparasites ticks, lice

Student should be able to;
1.1 Defineaquacultureandname

different types of aquaculture.

1. 1.2  Explainthemeaningoffish

farming

1. 1.3  Statetheimportanceoffarming
2. 1.4  Statetheconditionsnecessary

for sitting a fish pond

1. 1.5  Establishandmaintaina

fishpond

1. 1.6  Identifydifferentfishingtools

and their uses.

1. a)  Meaning ofagriculture
2. b)  Different types of agriculture;

i. Fish farming
ii. Shrimp farming iii. Crab farming

1. c)  Meaning and importance of fish farming
2. d)  Conditions necessary for sitting a fish pond
3. e)  Establishment and maintenance of fish pond
4. f)  Fishery regulations
5. g)  Fishing methods and tools

Students should be able to;
1.1 Statethemeaningofagriculture 1.2 Listdifferenttypesofbees
1.3 Stateimportanceofbee

keeping
1.4 Prepareequipmentforbee

keeping and produce quality

honey
1.5 Statevariousmethodsofbee

keeping and their uses.

1. a)  Meaning of apiculture or bee keeping
2. b)  Types of bees
   i. Indigenous bees ii. Exotic bees
3. c)  Importance of bee keeping
4. d)  Methods of bee keeping

i. Traditional method
ii. Modern bee keeping hives,

hive tools like suits, smokers, jungle boots, brushes etc

1. e)  Precautionary measures in bee keeping

i. Locateapiariesarefrom human dwellings

ii. Put warning symbols near apiary etc

EXTENSION

Students should be able to; 1.1 Listthebasiceconomic

principles
1.2 Discuss the basiceconomic

principles

1.1 Definefactorsofproduction 1.2 Mentionexamplesoffactorsof

production
1.3 Discusseachfactorof

production

1.1 Statethemeaningofdemand
1.2 Statethelawofdemand
1.3 Listthefactorsthataffectthedemandfor

agricultural goods and services.

1. a)  Definition of demand
2. b)  Law of demand
3. c)  Factors affecting

demand for

agriculture

1. d)  Movements along the

demand curve

1. e)  Shifts in the demand

curve

1.1 Statethelawofsupply
1.2 Listthefactorsthataffectsupply;movements

along the supply curve and the shift variables

1. a)  Definition of supply
2. b)  Law of supply
3. c)  Movements along

supply curve

1. d)  Shifts in the supply

curve

1. e)  Factors affecting the

supply of agricultural produce

1. a)  Price support
2. b)  Price control
3. c)  Subsidy programme

and its effects on agricultural production

1.1 explainmeaningoffarmmanager 1.2 Statethefunctionsofafarmmanger

1. a)  Meaning of a farm manager
2. b)  Functions of a farm manager

1.1 State the problems that farm managers face in the production process

• –  Inadequate farm
• –  Inadequate

information about sources of inputs.

Student should be able to;
1.1 Defineagriculturalfinance

1. 1.2  Stateanddiscusstheimportanceof

agricultural finance

1. 1.3  Determineanddiscusssourcesoffarm

financing

1. 1.4  Mentiontypesofcreditbasedonperiodsand

sources of credit

1. 1.5  Mentionproblemsfacedbyfarmersin

procuring agriculturalcredit

1. 1.6  Statethemeaningagric-business
2. 1.7  Statethesourceoffundforcapitalmarket

Meaning of agricultural finance Importance of agricultural finance Sources of farm finance
Classes offarm credit

Classification based

on length of time; Short-term credit Medium term credit Long-term credit

i.

–
–
–
ii. Classification based

on source of credit – Institution credit iii. Classification based

on liquidity; – Loan-in cash – Loan in kind

Insurance companies Merchant banks

The stock exchange (sales and purchases of shares) Ӣ Roles of capital markets in agricultural

business;

• –  Mobilization of long term funds for on

lending

• –  Reduce over reliance on money marker

etc

–

Problems faced by farmers in procuring agricultural credit
High interest rate
Lack of inadequate collateral etc Problems faced by institutions in granting loans to farmers:

Lack of records and accounts etc Capital market
Meaning of capital market, institutions that deal with medium and long term loans for agricultural business.

Institution involved in the capital market Sources of funds for the capital market;

Bonds

1.3 Developafarm record.

1. a)  Importance of farm records
2. b)  Types of farm records

i. Inventoryrecords
ii. Production records
iii. Income and expenditure records iv. Supplementaryorspecialrecords

1. c)  Designing farm records
2. d)  Farm accounts;

i. Expenditure/purchasesaccount ii. Income/sales account
iii. Profit and loss account
iv. Balancesheet

1. 1.1  State the meaning and importance of agricultural marketing
2. 1.2  Listthevariousmarketing agents/channels
3. 1.3  State the advantages and disadvantages of the various channels
4. 1.4  Listthefunctionsperformedby marketing agents
5. 1.5  Importanceofexportsto agricultural development

1. a)  Meaning and importance of marketing of agricultural produce
2. b)  Marketing agents and their functions
3. c)  Marketing functions: i. Assembling

ii. Transportation

iii. Processing etc

1. d)  Marketing of export crop
2. e)  Export crop in West Africa
3. f)  Guidelines for exporting crops in

West Africa

1. g)  Cooperate bodies, cooperative

societies and individuals engaged in exporting agricultural produce e.g. ANCE- Association of Nigerian Cooperative Exporters

1. h)  Importance of exporting agricultural produce
2. i)  Problems of marketing agricultural problems

some of the functions of marketing agent.

2.     Identification of Marketing problems in and around their locality.

Student should be able to;
1.1 Defineagriculturalinsurance 1.2 Nametypesofinsurancethatcan

be taken by agricultural operators

1. a)  Meaning of agricultural insurance
2. b)  Importance agricultural insurance
3. c)  Types of insurance policies for

agricultural production

i.         Specific enterprise insurance

e.g. crop insurance, livestock

insurance

ii.         Farm vehicleinsurance

iii.         Firedisasterinsuranceor

machines and buildings

insurance

iv. Lifeassurance(Farmers,farm

workers etc

1. d)  Insurance premium
2. e)  Problems of agricultural insurance;

–ª Uncertaintiesofweather
–ª Losesduetonaturaldisasteretc

1. 1.2  Listagriculturalextension

programmes in Nigeria.

1. 1.3  State some methods of

disseminating information to

farmers.

1. 1.4  State some methods of

disseminating information to

farmers.

1. 1.5  List problems faced by

agricultural extension agents in Nigeria.

1. a)  Meaning and importance of agricultural extension
2. b)  Agricultural extension methods; i. Individual contact methods etc ii. Groupcontactmethodsetc
3. c)  Agricultural extension programmes in west Africa E.g. illiteracy among farmers.