UNIBEN 200 Level Chemistry Courses (1st & 2nd Semester)

The University of Benin (UNIBEN) Faculty of Physical Sciences, Department of Chemistry Year Two (200 Level) Courses, Course Codes and Course Credits for First and Second Semester.

Chemistry is a subject which cuts across practically every facet of human development. It is the bedrock of most industries and the principal discipline in the technology for the processing of renewable and non-renewable resources.

Recommended: Uniben 100 level chemistry courses

UNIBEN 200L First Semester Chemistry Courses

 

UNIBEN CHM205 – Chemistry Practical Syllabus

a) Qualitative analysis for anions and cations. Experiments in kinetics. Surface chemistry and thermochemistry.
b) Separation based on solubility. Tests for functional groups. Use of simple techniques for purification, e.g steam distillation; fractional distillation. Preparation of simple esters, aldehydes, ketone, and amines. Hydrolysis of esters.

CHM 211 – Organic Chemistry 3 Credits

Isomerism and Conformation : Stereoisomerism, geometric isomerism : E, Z notation for geometrical isomerism.

Optical isomerism due to asymmetric carbon atom. Enantiomorph, diaesteroisomers, mesoforms, racemic form. Measurement of optical activity. Methods of resolution of racemic forms. R. S. specification. Conformation isomerism.

Factors affecting the availability of electrons (Inductive, hyperconjugation and resonance effect). Factors affecting structure and properties of organic compounds.

Introduction to organic reaction mechanism. Classification of reagents and reactions. Nucleophilic reaction at saturated carbon: Substitution and Elimination reactions. Mechanism of esterification and hydrolysis.
Reactive intermediates: Carbenes, nitrenes, sulphenes (Preparation and reactions)

CHM 213 – Physical Chemistry Topics

The state of matter. The equations of states. The molecular mass of gases. The kinetic molecular theory. Mean free path. Molecular diameter of gases. Collision frequency and distribution of molecular velocity. Phase changes liquefaction of gases.

Chemical Kinetics. Concept of reaction, rate methods of measuring reaction rates. Order and molecularity of reactions. Order of reaction. Detailed derivation and application of the rate expression for first and second orders of reaction.

Third order reaction. Experimental methods of determining order of reaction. Factors influencing reaction rate. Activation energy. Arrhenius equation and its applications. Elementary treatment of fast reactions and the theories of reaction rate. Introduction to catalysis (Homogeneous & Heterogeneous).

CHM 214 – Environmental Chemistry Topics

a) Components of the total environments: air, water, land, their natural forms. Causes of environment impairment.
Air Pollution The atmosphere: the atmospheric gases: pollution from natural sources (volcanoes etc) human activities (burning of fossil fuel, automobile exhaust emissions, etc); the ozone layer, atmospheric particulate matter.

(b) Environmental impact of air pollution: Green house effects of air pollutants (NO, SO2, CO, particulate matter, etc).
(c) Air quality: Ambient air quality standards. Emission standards. Air quality assessment / pollutant measurements. Control / treatment industry emitted gases.

Water Pollution
a. Sources
b. Water and waste water characteristics and their measurements. WHO standards. Industrial water supply. Introduction to waste water treatment.
Land Pollution and Recycling
a) Solid waste: Effects on solid and water. Solid waste management.
b) Wastes treatment for recycling (re – use). Liquid wastes (sewage, industrial effluent) treatments for re – use.
c) Biodegradable organic wastes for composition to serve as organic manure.

CHM 215 – Chemistry and Technology Topics

Definition and classification of lipids. Role and use of lipids in foods. Glyceride composition and structure. Physical characteristics of lipids. Chemical reactions of lipids. Lipid oxidation and antioxidants. The technology of processing fats and oils. Effects of processing on functional properties and nutritive value.

CHM 217 – Soil Chemistry Topics

Colloid chemistry and surface properties of soils. Chemical and physical make up of soils of Nigeria. Macronutrients and micronutrient. Depletion and replenishment of nutrients under different kinds of cultivation. Fertilizer requirements. Selected economic aspects of fertilizer importance and manufacture

CHM 221 – Inorganic Chemistry Topics

a. Atomic structure and periodic classification of elements. Periodicity of atomic properties: atomic and ionic radii, electronegativity, dissociation and hydration energies.

b. Theories of valency. Ionic lattices and molecular shapes. Oxo-acids, their structure and properties. Binary compounds. Structural treatment of borides, nitrides, carbides, oxide and halide.
c. Theory of classical analytic chemistry. Qualitative methods of analysis. Gravimetry – determination of the solid, liquid and volatile content of materials. Theory of precipitation process. Precipitation gravimetry. Volumetric analysis – acid – base titrations. Redox titrations, non- aqueous solvents. Complexometric titrations. Ionic equilibra, acids, buffers. Applications of classical analytic techniques.

CHM 222 – Carbohydrates and Protein Chemistry Topics

Chemistry of sugars and proteins. Configuration of monosaccharide, disaccharides and polysaccharide. Different chemical types and reactions. Proteins: Amino acids. Peptide and protein structure. Reactions, tests. Current trends in protein chemistry

CHM 223 – Physical Chemistry II Topics

i. Fundamental (length, time, etc) and derived (areas, volume, pressure, etc) quantities: SI system of units. Thermodynamic systems, processes (reversible, irreversible) and properties (intensive, extensive ).
ii. First law of thermodynamics heat, work and internal energy change, isothermal and adiabatic process for ideal and real gases; heat capacities; applications of first law of thermodynamics.
iii. Thermochemistry heats of reaction, formation combustion, etc. Calorimetry Hess’ law. Enthalpy and its methods of measurements. Thermochemical interpretation of chemical reactions.
iv. Second law of thermodynamics : spontaneous process. Entropy. Carrot cycle. Gibb’s free energy. Gibbs – Helmohlthz equation and its applications. Principles and applications of free energy concepts in determining spontaneity of a reaction. Systems in equilibrium.
v. Third law of the thermodynamics; tests and uses of third law. Evaluation of total entropy change in a system.

CHM 224 – Analytical Chemistry 3 Topics

Theory of sampling, Sampling and Sample Pre-treatment; Chemical methods of analysis including volumetric and Physiochemical methods; Distillation and rectification; the McCabe – Thiele graphic method and pouchon-savarit method. Solvent extraction.

Theory of error and statistical treatment of data. Potentiometric and pH methods; Conductometric methods. Electrolytic analytical methods. Radiochemical methods, Chromatographic Methods. GC-MS. Gel filtration, ion exchange and electrophoresis.

CHM 225 – Introduction to Petroleum and Coal

Chemistry (The Fossil Fuels )
Origin of formation of petroleum, and natural gas and coal; composition and classification of petroleum. Global distribution of petroleum and natural gas resources (with emphasis on the Nigerian situation). Desalting of crude petroleum. Petroleum refining; Processes for purification of refinery gases and liquid petroleum fractions.

Processes for increasing the yield of gasoline – catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, thermal cracking. Octane number. Production of gasoline from refinery gases. Processes for increasing the octane number of gasoline.Coal: Origin, Classification and Properties and uses of coal. Distribution of coal in Nigeria.

CHM 226 – Industrial Chemical Process Topics

Production of primary intermediates and synthesis of industrial organic chemicals; Polymers, adhesives, dyes, explosive, insecticides, pesticides, herbicides, flavouring agents and pharmaceutical. Fermentation process.

CHM 227 – Introduction to Mineral Processing

The occurrence and important world source of economic minerals Methods of extraction and purification of minerals. Mineral Processing communication, particle sizing, concentration, solid liquid separations physical reforming and chemical processing influence of physical properties of minerals. The physical and chemical processing and utilization of the ores of iron. Lead, tin, zinc and uranium.

CHM 228 – Organic Chemistry II Topics

i. Aldol and related reactions, Grignard reactions
ii. Mechanism of esterification and hydrolysis
iii. Reactive intermediates: carbenes, nitrenes, sulphenes, preparation and reactions
iv. Important methods of preparation and reactions of bifunctional compounds viz: dienes, glycols, hydroxyl-, halogeno-, keto- and unsaturated carboxylic acids. Organic syntheses. Importance.

Recommended: Uniben 100 to final year courses